Because optical fiber communication has the advantages of large capacity, long distance and anti-electromagnetic interference, optical fiber communication is well adapted to the needs of today's power communication development. In particular, the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire (OPGW) combines the high mechanical properties, high conductivity and good corrosion resistance of aluminum clad steel wire, effectively combining the power overhead ground wire with the communication optical fiber, so it is affected by the power system. The industry attaches great importance to it and is gradually promoted and used.
There are many types of fiber-to-the-home architectures, among which there are two main ones: one is a point-to-point topology, which uses an optical fiber from the central office to each user; the other is a passive optical fiber using a point-to-multipoint topology Network (PON), the use of point-to-multipoint solutions can greatly reduce the number of optical transceivers and fiber usage, and reduce the rack space required by the central office. It has cost advantages and has become the mainstream.
There are two main types of equipment used for optical fiber access, one is the central office equipment deployed in the telecom operator's computer room, called Optical Line Terminal (OLT), and the other is equipment close to the user side, called Optical Network Unit (ONU). Judging from the current development situation, fiber-to-the-home also involves many industries and categories, such as indoor fiber optics, engineering and applications, which are of strategic significance to the entire telecommunications industry and even the information industry.
In the field of optical fiber access, the hot spot of debate in the industry is two technical solutions for passive optical networks: GPON and EPON. Simply put, the former has stronger business support capability and higher transmission efficiency, and is suitable for the deployment of high-end commercial customers and residential customers in the era of full-service operation, but the cost is relatively high. EPON is mainly aimed at data transmission, and its core advantage lies in its relatively low cost. Both technologies have been commercialized in different application environments, and each has its own merits. It is worth noting that both EPON and GPON are moving towards the 10G era. In the short term, 10G EPON has an advantage over 10G GPON, which is mainly a cost issue. And many operators believe that the bandwidth will be sufficient in the next few years. Therefore, the era of mixed use of the two PONs should also exist for a while. In fact, in the process of network construction and networking, there is not much difference between the construction modes of GPON and EPON, but it is just the different technical choices of operators. The service provision capability of GPON is basically the same as that of EPON, and there is no service access that GPON can do but EPON cannot. In the future, in the 10G era, the two technologies are likely to converge, that is, the same hardware platform supports both 10G EPON and 10G GPON. Already, equipment makers are starting to play down the distinctions between the two technologies.
In general, in the absence of other epoch-making technologies, fiber-to-the-home is the ultimate goal of broadband access to telecommunications networks in the next few years or even decades. It will drive the development of a series of related industries and form a digital The market size of hundreds of billions or even trillions of yuan. Therefore, fiber-to-the-home is one of the core technical drivers for the telecommunications industry to maintain sustainable development, and it is also an important tool for the telecommunications industry to promote social informatization.
Fiber to the home is part of the FTTX program. As the future backbone of the communication transmission system, the anti-interference and anti-electromagnetic properties of optical fiber are more suitable for the future demand of human beings with large amount of information and high precision, and the low price makes the transmission medium of optical fiber can be widely promoted. But relatively speaking, in order to popularize fiber-to-the-home well, there are still many problems to be solved, such as the technology and hardware of the transmitting and receiving ends, and the speed of the transmission system. For users, the processing of large amounts of information requires better computers. Therefore, the improvement of communication systems also depends on the rapid development of computer technology to a certain extent.
